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[1931] Kuomintang forces again attacked Communist positions in
Kiangsi, in
the second and third "antibandit" campaigns.
[1933] The fourth Kuomintang "antibandit" campaign against the
Kiangsi Soviet (April-June) failed. The fifth (December 1933-September 1934)
defeated and almost encircled Communist forces.
Mao's prestige rose steadily after the failure of the
Comintern-directed
urban insurrections. In late 1931 he was able to proclaim the establishment of
the Chinese Soviet Republic under his chairmanship in Ruijin, Jiangxi Province.
The Soviet-oriented CCP Political Bureau came to Ruijin at Mao's invitation with
the intent of dismantling his apparatus. But, although he had yet to gain
membership in the Political Bureau, Mao dominated the proceedings.
In the early 1930s, amid continued Political Bureau opposition to his
military and agrarian policies and the deadly annihilation campaigns being waged
against the Red Army by Chiang Kai-shek's forces, Mao's control of the Chinese
Communist movement increased.
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