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More successful was the Peruvian victory in 1866 over Spain's attempts to
seize control of the guano-rich Chincha Islands in a tragicomic venture to
recapture some of its lost empire in South America.
...a military figure, Mariano Ignacio Prado (1865-67, 1876-79), who had
rallied the country against the Spanish naval attack in 1865 and then served as
president...
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Even during internal and external conflicts, Chile continued to prosper. When
Spain attempted to reconquer Peru, Chile engaged in a coastal war (1864-66) with
the Spaniards, whose warships shelled Valparaíso. Once again, Chile asserted
its sway over the west coast of South America. Farming, mining, and commerce
grew steadily until the world depression of the 1870s, when Chile again turned
to a war against its Andean neighbors.
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