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D'Annunzio's War 1919-1920

Italy and Yugoslavia both claimed the Dalmatian port city of Fiume (Rijeka) at the end of World War I. While the dispute was being negotiated, the Italian poet and soldier Gabriele D'Annunzio (1863-1938) led a filibustering expedition against Fiume (September 12, 1919), which he believed was rightfully Italy's and which he seized and occupied (his troops wore the black shirts that were to be part of the Fascist uniform). The autocratic rule D'Annunzio established at Fiume was opposed by the Italian government and others in Europe. After Italy and Yugoslavia signed the Treaty of Rapallo (November 12, 1920), by which Fiume was to be a free state, D'Annunzio declared war on Italy, but he was forced to evacuate Fiume after Italian forces bombarded the city (December 27, 1920). Political turmoil plagued Fiume's local government until its overthrow in a Fascist coup in 1922; then Italian troops occupied the city, which eventually (1947) was awarded to Yugoslavia.
Last Update: December 16, 2000

Armed Conflict Events Database

Armed Conflict Events Data (ACED) is an research project providing independent information about known wars, international disputes, civil wars, rebellions, coups, revolutions, genocides and other violent conflicts. ACED has been online since December 2000. Various partial revisions and modifications have been implemented since then, however, the limitations of the this format hamper further development. During 2005, the decision was made to radically restructure the available conflict information into a database. The new Armed Conflict Events Database (ACEDb) will substantially increase the utility of available conflict data for students of military history. As well, it will offer expanded opportunities to add and edit records of conflict. Existing research material will be maintained in its present form but no revisions are planned. More news about the development of ACEDb may be found at News About the Armed Conflict Events Database. Feedback is welcome.