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Country: Russia
Type: Medium SAM
Introduction: 1970 |
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The SA-6 Gainful (NATO reporting name) or 2K12 Kub mobile surface-to-air missile (SAM) system is a Soviet/Russian low to medium-level air defence system designed to protect ground forces from air attack.
Each battery consists of a number of similar tracked vehicles, one of which carries the 1S91 (NATO designation Straight Flush) 25 kW G/H band radar (range 75 km/47 miles) equipped with a continuous wave illuminator, in addition to an optical sight. The battery usually also includes 4 triple-missile transporter erector launchers (TELs) and 4 trucks each carrying 3 spare missiles and a crane. TEL is based on a GM-578 chassis, while the 1S91 radar vehicle on a GM-568, all developed and produced by MMZ.
The 2K12 surprised the Israelis in the 1973 Yom Kippur War. The mobile 2K12 took a heavy toll on Israeli A-4 Skyhawk and F-4 Phantom aircraft. The radar warning receivers (RWR) on the Israeli aircraft initially did not alert the pilot to being illuminated by the 2K12 radar. Once the RWR were reprogrammed and tactics changed, the 2K12 was no longer such a grave threat.
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| General Information |
| Developed by |
Russia |
| Deployed by |
Algeria, Angola, Bosnia, Bulgaria, Cuba, Czech Rep., Egypt, Hungary, India, Iraq, Libya, Poland, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Syria, Tanzania, Ukraine, Vietnam, Yemen, Polisario guerrillas (North Africa) |
| Development Year |
1959 |
| Deployment Year |
1970(6A), 1979(6B) |
| Platform |
2P25 TEL(3 rounds) |
| Number deployed |
850 TEL Vehicle(each 3 missiles)(1992) |
| Design |
Toropovs OKB-134 |
| Manufacturer |
Former Soviet state factories |
| Dimensions and Performance |
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Length |
5.8m |
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Body Diameter |
33.5cm |
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Wing/Fin span |
1.245m |
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Launch Weight |
600kg |
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Range |
3,700-24,000m |
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Speed |
Mach 2.8 |
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Altitude |
50-12,000m |
| Components |
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Propulsion |
Integral rocket motor/ramjet booster and sustainer |
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Warhead |
59kg HE fragmentation effect |
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Guidance |
Semi-active radar homing |
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