[1991] ...a major Iranian-supported Shi'ite insurrection grew in southern Iraq... [it was] crushed by Iraqi forces.

[1992] Iraqi forces attacked Shi'ite populations in southern Iraq (April-December).

[1993] Government armored forces continued to attack Shi'ites in southern Iraq, forcing an estimated 200,000-300,000 into Iranian exile. Major United Nations air attacks on Iraqi ground batteries occurred (January) and air and missile attacks were made on Baghdad (June).